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LESSONSENTENCE TRANSFORMATION ( Biến đổi câu)

1/ 1 khoảng TG + ago. S + started /began + Ving / to V1… + (prep.+) mốc TG

V3 for + khoảng TG( S + has / have + + been +Ving since + mốc TG

Ex: We started studying English half an hour ago. ( We’ve been studying English for half an hour.

2a/ 1 khoảng TG + ago. The last time + S + V2 + … was + (prep.+) mốc TG

for + khoảng TG( S + has / have not + V3 ….. + since + mốc TG

Ex: The last time she had a swim was five years ago. ( She has not had a swim for five years.

( S + has / have not + V3 ….. + since + S + V2

Ex: I last went to the football match when I was a student. ( I haven’t gone to the football match since I was a student.

3/ S + has / have not + V3 ….. + for + 01 khoảng TG

( It + is + 1 khoảng TG + since + S + V2

Ex: She hasn’t had a swim for five years. ( It is five years since she had a swim.

4/ S + has /have + never/not + V 3 … (+before)

( This / it is the first time + (that) + S + has /have + ever + V 3 …

Ex: I’ve never visited Paris before.( This is the first time (that) I’ve (ever) visited Paris.

( After + S + had + V3 … , S + V2 …

Ex: I had breakfast and then went to school. ( After I had had breakfast, I went to school.

6/ The formal subject “IT”: Ving / To V1 … + be + adj. /n (+for O)

( IT + be + adj. / n (+for O) + To V1…

Ex: Knowing English is useful. ( It is useful to know English.

7/ The formal object “IT”: Ving / To V1 … + be + adj. /n

( S + V* + IT + adj. / n + to V1…

V* : find, make, think. consider, believe, feel,…Ex: Living in the city is exciting. ( Some people find it exciting to live in the city.

8/ be accustomed to = be used to + V ingbecome accustomed to = get used to

Ex: We often go to school by bus. (We are used to going to school by bus.

Ex: My grandfather often played tennis when he was young. ( My grandfather used to play tennis when he was young.

10/ S + spend(s) / spent + time + V ing

( It + takes / took (+ O) + time + To V1

Ex: We spent five hours getting to London. (It took us five hours to get to London.

Ex: We can’t drive because of fog. (The fog prevents us from driving.

12/ Inversion: Đảo ngữAdv* + V + S …

Adv*: No longer, Never, Rarely, Seldom, Only, No sooner, Hardly ….

Ex: She no longer gets up early. ( No longer does she get up early.13/ Who + do /does + S + belong to?( Who own(s) …….?( Whose + V + S … ?( Whose + n + V + S …. ?

Ex: Who does this bicycle belong to? ( Who owns this bicycle?( Whose is this bicycle?( Whose bicycle is this?14/ Causative Form:

O (Người) +V1 ( Chủ động)S +

Các Trường Hợp Viết Lại Câu

Dùng 1 cấu trúc nào đó trong Tiếng Anh

Dùng dạng khác của từ

Chuyển từ chủ động sang bị động

Chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp

Các trường hợp về đảo ngữ…

Chú ý khi viết lại câu

Chú ý về thì: câu được viết lại phải cùng thì với câu đã

Chú ý về ngữ pháp: câu được viết lại phải đúng về ngữ pháp.

Chú ý về nghĩa của câu sau khi viết phải không đổi so với câu ban đầu.

Phương pháp học dạng bài này

Phương pháp: sưu tập và làm càng nhiều mẫu câu càng tốt, sau đó đọc đi đọc lại nhiều lần cho thuộc lòng.

Một số dạng bài cơ bản 1.It takes sb khoảng thời gian to do sth = sb spend khoảng thời gian doing sth

VD: It took her 3 hours to get to the city centre.

= She spent 3 hours getting to the city centre.

2.Understand = tobe aware of

VD: Do you understand the grammar structure?

= Are you aware of the grammar structure?

3.Like = tobe interested in = enjoy = keen on

VD: She likes politics

= She is interested in politics

VD: He can’t move because his leg was broken.

= He can’t move because of his broken leg.

Although + clause = despite + N = in spite of + N

VD: Although she is old, she can compute very fast

= Despite / In spite of her old age, she can compute very fast

Succeed in doing sth = manage to do sth

VD: We succeeded in digging the Panama cannel

= We managed to dig the Panama cannel

Cấu trúc: …. too + adj (for sb) to do sth: quá để làm gì VD: She is so beautiful that everybody loves

= It is such a beautiful girl that everybody loves her.

Adj/ Adv + enough (for sb) to do sth: đủ để làm gì VD: This car is safe enough for him to drive.

The policeman ran quickly enough to catch the robber.

Cấu trúc: prefer sb to do sth = would rather sb Vpast sth: thích, muốn ai làm gì VD: I’prefer you (not) to smoke here

= I’d rather you (not) smoked here

Prefer doing sth to doing sth: thích làm gì hơn làm gì

Would rather do sth than do sth

VD: She prefers staying at home to going out

= She’d rather stay at home than go out

Can = tobe able to = tobe possible

Harly + had +S + Vpp when S + Vpast: ngay sau khi… thì…

No sooner + had +S + Vpp than S + Vpast

VD: As soon as I left the house, he appeared

= Harly had I left the house when he appeared

= No sooner had I left the house than he appeared

Not………..any more : không còn nữa No longer + dạng đảo ngữ S no more V

VD: I don’t live in the countryside anymore

= No longer do I live in the countryside

= I no more live in the countryside

At no time + dạng đảo ngữ: không khi nào, chẳng khi nào VD: I don’t think she loves me

= At no time do I think she loves me

Tobe not worth = there is no point in doing sth: không đáng làm gì

Tobe not worth doing sth = there is no point in doing sth: không đáng, vô ích làm gì VD: It’s not worth making him get up early

There is no point in making him getting early

It seems that = it appears that = it is likely that =it look as if/ as though: dường như rằng VD: It seems that he will come late

= It appears that / it is likely he will come late

= He is likely to come late.

= It look as if he will come late

Although + clause = Despite + Nound/gerund

S + V + N = S + be + adj

S + be + adj = S + V + O

S + be accustomed to + Ving = S + be used to +Ving /N

S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N

VD: Nana often cried when she meets with difficulties.

= Nana is used to crying when she meets with difficulties

This is the first time + S + have + PII = S+be + not used to + Ving/N

VD: This is the first time I have seen so many people crying at the end of the movie.

= I was not used to seeing so many people crying at the end of the movie.

S + would prefer = S + would rather S + Past subjunctive (lối cầu khẩn)

S + like sth/doing sth better than sth/doing sth = S + would rather + V + than + V = S + prefer sth/doing sth to sth/doing ..

VD: I prefer going shoping to playing volleyball.

= I would rather go shoping than play volleyball.

S + V + O = S + find + it (unreal objective) + adj + to + V

It’s one’s duty to do sth = S + be + supposed to do sth

S + be + PII + to + V = S + be + supposed to do sth

Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh) = S + should (not) + be + PII

Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh) = S + should (not) + do sth

S + like sth = S + be + fond of + sth

VD: I like do collecting stamps.

= I’m fond of collecting stamps.

I + let + O + do sth = S + allow + S.O + to do Sth

VD: My boss let him be on leave for wedding.

= My boss allow him to be on leave for wedding.

S + once + past verb = S + would to + do

S + present verb (negative) any more = S + would to + do

S + V + because + S + V = S + V + to + infinitive

VD: She studies hard because she wants to pass the final examination.

= She studies hard to pass the final examination.

S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V = S + V + to + infinitive

To infinitive or gerund + be + adj = It + be + adj + to + V

S + V + and + S + V = S + V + both … and

S + V + not only … + but also = S + V + both … and

S + V + both … and … = S + V + not only … but ..

VD: He translated fast and correctly.

= He translated not only fast but also correctly.

S1+simple present+and+S2+simple futher =If+S1 + simple present + S2 + simple

S1+didn’t + V1 + Because + S2 + didn’t + V2 = If Clause

Various facts given = Mệnh đề if thể hiện điều trái ngược thực tế.

S1 + V1 + if + S2 + V2(phủ định)= S1 + V1 + Unless + S2 + V2 (khẳng định)

S + V + O = S + be + noun + when + adj

S + V + O = S + be + noun + where + adj

S + V + O = S + be + noun + whom + adj

S + V + O = S + be + noun + which + adj

S + V + O = S + be + noun + that + adj

S + V + if + S + V (phu dinh) = S + V + unless + S + V (khẳng dinh)

S + be + scared of sth = S + be + afraid of + sth

Let’s + V = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive

In my opinion = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive (quan điểm của tôi)

Why don’t you do sth? = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive

S + get + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth

VD: She gets him to spend more time with her.

= She have him spend more time with her.

S + aks + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth

VD: Police asked him to identify the other man in the next room.

= Police have him identify the other man in the next room.

S + request + sb + to do sth= S + have + sb + do sth

VD: The teacher request students to learn by heart this poem.

= The teacher have students learn by heart this poem.

S + want + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth

VD: I want her to lend me

= I have her lend me.

VD: She always speaks no care.

= She is always careless about her words.

S + be + adj + that + S + V = S + be + adj + to + V

VD: Study is necessary that you will get a good life in the future.

= Study is necessary to get a good life in the future.

VD: My students are very good at Mathematics.

= My students study Mathematics well.

S + remember + to do Sth = S + don’t forget + to do Sth

VD: I remember to have a Maths test tomorrow = I don’t forget to have a Maths test tomorrow.

VD: It was an interesting film.

= What an interesting film!

VD: She washes clothes quickly.

= How quick she is to wash clothes.

VD: She have learned English for 5 years.

= It takes her 5 year to learn English.

S + be + too + adj + (for s.o) + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + can’t + V

VD: The water is too hot for Peter to drink.

= The water is so hot that Peter can’t drink

S + be + so + adj + that + S + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V

S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V

VD: He speaks so soft that we can’t hear anything.

= He does not speak softly.

80.Because + clause = Because of + noun/gerund

VD: Because she is absent from school.

= Because of her absence from school.

các động từ theo sau là V-ing, to_verb hoặc V-bare

– Theo sau tất cả trợ từ (động từ khiếm khuyết): can, could, will,shall, would, may, might, ought to, must, had better, would like to, needn’t, would rather, would sooner, be supposed to là những động từ không “chia”, V-bare

2- Những động từ theo sau la “to verb” co 2 trường hợp: 2.a- [cong thức: S+V+to V]: afford, appear, ask, bear, begin, choose, decide, expect, forget, hate, hesitate, intend, like, manage, neglect, prefer, pretend, propose, regret, seem, swear, try, wish, agree, arrange, attempt, beg, care, consent, determine, fail, happend, help, hope, learn, love, mean, offer, prepare, promise, refuse, remember, start, trouble, want, would like prefer.

ngoai ra theo sau: be worth, it is no use, there is no, it is no good cũng là V-ing

4- Những động từ theo sau gồm cả “to verb” & “V-ing”: advise, attempt, commence, begin, allow, cease, continue, dread, forget, hate, intend, leave, like, love, mean, permit, prefer, propose, regret, remember, start, study, try, can’t bear, recommend, need, want, require. Đa số những động từ trên khi theo sau la “to verb” hoặc “V-ing” sẽ co nghĩa khác nhau.

3. S + remember + to do Sth = S + don’t forget + to do Sth 4. S + be + adj = What + a + adj + N! 7. S + be + ing-adj = S + be +ed-adj 8. S + V = S + be + ed-adj 9. S + V + Khoảng thời gian = It + take + (sb) + Khoảng thời gian + to + V 10. S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + can’t + V 12. S + be + so + adj + that + S + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V 13. S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V 15. Because + clause = Because of + noun/gerund 16. Although + clause = In spite of + Nound/gerund 17. Although + clause = Despite + Nound/gerund 18. S + V + N = S + be + adj 19. S + be + adj = S + V + O 20. S + be accustomed to + Ving = S + be used to +Ving /N 21. S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N 22. This is the first time + S + have + PII = S+be + not used to + Ving/N 23. S + would prefer = S + would rather S + Past subjunctive (lối cầu khẩn) 24. S + like … better than … = S + would … than … 25. S + prefer = S + would rather + V 26. S + V + O = S + find + it (unreal objective) + adj + to + V 27. It’s one’s duty to do sth = S + be + supposed to do sth 28. S + be + PII + to + V = S + be + supposed to do sth 29. Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh)= S + should (not) + be + PII 30. Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh)= S + should (not) + do sth

Chào các em !

Như các em đã biết chia động từ là một trong những vấn đề rắc rối mà các em luôn gặp phải trong quá trình học tiếng Anh, nắm nững kiến thức chia động từ không những giúp các em làm được các bài tập về chia động từ trong ngoặc mà còn giúp các em tự tin khi viết câu. Trứoc khi vào nội dung chính các em cần nắm vững một nguyên tắc căn bản nhất trong tiếng Anh là : CÓ CHỦ TỪ THÌ ĐỘNG TỪ CHIA THÌ, KHÔNG CÓ CHỦ TỪ THÌ ĐỘNG TỪ KHÔNG CHIA THÌ  mà phải chia dạng Xem ví dụ sau: when he saw me he (ask) me (go) out Xét động từ ask : nhìn phía trước nó có chủ từ he vì thế ta phải chia thì – ở đây chia thì quá khứ vì phía trước có saw Xét đến động từ go, phía trước nó là me là túc từ nên không thể chia thì mà phải chia dạng – ở đây là to go, cuối cùng ta có when he saw me he asked me to go out Về vấn đề chia thì chắc các em cũng đã nắm cơ bản rồi. Hôm nay tôi muốn cùng các em đi sâu vào vấn đề chia dạng của động từ . Động từ một khi không chia thì sẽ mang 1 trong 4 dạng sau đây : – bare inf (động từ nguyên mẩu không có to ) – to inf ( động từ nguyên mẫu có to ) – Ving (động từ thêm ing ) – P.P ( động từ ở dạng past paticiple ) Vậy làm sao biết chia theo dạng nào đây ? Ta tạm chia làm 2 mẫu khi chia dạng : 1) MẪU V O V Là mẫu 2 động từ đứng cách nhau bởi 1 túc từ Công thức chia mẫu này như sau : Nếu V1 là : MAKE , HAVE (ở dạng sai bảo chủ động ), LET thì V2 là BARE INF Ví dụ: I make him go I let him go

Nếu V1 là các động từ giác quan như : HEAR, SEE, FEEL, NOTICE, WATCH, OBSERVE… thì V2 là Ving (hoặc bare inf ) Ví dụ: I see him going / go out Ngoài 2 trường hợp trên chia to inf

2) MẪU V V Là mẫu 2 động từ đứng liền nhau không có túc từ ở giữa Cách chia loại này như sau: Nếu V1 là : KEEP, ENJOY, AVOID, ADVISE, ALLOW, MIND, IMAGINE, CONSIDER, PERMIT, RECOMMEND, SUGGEST, MISS, RISK, PRACTICE, DENY, ESCAPE, FINISH, POSTPONE, MENTION, PREVENT, RECALL, RESENT, UNDERSTAND, ADMIT, RESIST, APPRECIATE, DELAY, EXPLAIN, FANCY, LOATHE, FEEL LIKE, TOLERATE, QUIT, DISCUSS, ANTICIPATE, PREFER, LOOK FORWARD TO, CAN’T HELP, CAN’T STAND, NO GOOD, NO USE Thì V2 là Ving Ví dụ: He avoids meeting me

3) RIÊNG CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ SAU ĐÂY VỪA CÓ THỂ ĐI VỚI TO INF VỪA CÓ THỂ ĐI VỚI VING TÙY THEO NGHĨA

STOP + Ving :nghĩa là dừng hành động Ving đó lại Ví dụ: I stop eating (tôi ngừng ăn ) + To inf : dừng lại để làm hành động to inf đó Ví dụ: I stop to eat (tôi dừng lại để ăn )

FORGET, REMEMBER + Ving : Nhớ (quên) chuyện đã làm I remember meeting you somewhere last year (tôi nhớ đã gặp bạn ở đâu đó hồi năm ngóai ) + To inf : Nhớ (quên ) để làm chuyện gì đó Ví dụ: REGRET + Ving : hối hận chuyện đã làm I regret lending him the book : tôi hối hận đã cho anh ta mượn quyển sách + To inf : lấy làm tiếc để …… Ví dụ: I regret to tell you that …( tôi lấy làm tiếc để nói với bạn rằng …) – chưa nói – bây giờ mới nói

TRY + Ving : nghỉa là thử Ví dụ: I try eating the cake he makes ( tôi thử ăn cái bánh anh ta làm ) + To inf : cố gắng để … Ví dụ: I try to avoid meeting him (tôi cố gắng tránh gặp anh ta )

NEED , WANT NEED nếu là động từ đặc biệt thì đi với BARE INF Ví dụ: I needn’t buy it ( need mà có thể thêm not vào là động từ đặc biệt ) NEED là động từ thường thì áp dụng công thức sau : Nếu chủ từ là người thì dùng to inf Ví dụ: I need to buy it (nghĩa chủ động ) Nếu chủ từ là vật thì đi với Ving hoặc to be P.P

Ví dụ: The house needs repairing (căn nhà cần được sửa chửa ) The house needs to be repaired 4) MEAN Mean + to inf : Dự định Ví dụ: I mean to go out (Tôi dự định đi chơi ) Mean + Ving :mang ý nghĩa Ví dụ: 5) GO ON Go on + Ving : Tiếp tục chuyện đang làm After a short rest, the children go on playing (trước đó bọn chúng đã chơi ) After finishing the Math problem, we go on to do the English exercises (trước đó làm toán bây giờ làm tiếng Anh ) 6) các mẫu khác HAVE difficulty /trouble / problem + Ving WASTE time /money + Ving KEEP + O + Ving PREVENT + O + Ving FIND + O + Ving CATCH + O + Ving

HAD BETTER + bare inf.

7) Các trường hợp TO + Ving

Thông thường TO đi với nguyên mẫu nhưng có một số trường hợp TO đi với Ving ( khi ấy TO là giới từ ), sau đây là một  vài trường hợp  TO đi với Ving thường gặp :

Be/get used to

Look forward to

Object to

Accustomed to

Confess to

Nguyên tắc chung cần nhớ là :

Although/ though + mệnh đề

Despite / in spite of + cụm từ

Các công thức biến đổi từ mệnh đề sang cụm từ như sau:

1) Nếu chủ từ 2 mệnh đề giống nhau:

– Bỏ chủ từ ,động từ thêm ING .

Although Tom got up late, he got to school on time.

1) Nếu chủ từ là danh từ + be + tính từ

– Đem tính từ đặt trứoc danh từ ,bỏ to be

Although the rain is heavy,…….

3) Nếu chủ từ là đại từ + be + tính từ :

– Đổi đại từ thành sỡ hửu ,đổi tính từ thành danh từ ,bỏ be

Although He was sick,……..

4) Nếu chủ từ là đại từ + động từ + trạng từ

– Đổi đại từ thành sở hữu, động từ thành danh từ ,trạng từ thành tính từ đặt trước danh từ

Although He behaved impolitely,…..

Như thế câu trên của bạn, nếu dùng In spite of thì sẽ viết lại như sau: ” In spite of playing well, the team lost”

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CẤU TRÚC VIẾT LẠI CÂU TIẾNG ANH LỚP 6-7-8-9 1. QUESTIONS WITH “HOW MUCH”

How much + be + sth ?

How much + do/does + sth + cost? a. What is the price of this watch? How much…………………………..? b. What is the price of your car? How much…………………………….? c. What is the price of his coat? How much…………………………….? d. What is the price of her hat? How much……………………………..? e. What is the price of these beautiful scarves? How much…………………………………………..? f. How much are these oranges? What is ……………………………..? g. How much is the pork? What is………………………………? h. How much do these dresses cost?

a. The café has a lot of tables. ………………………………

b. Theatre programmes usually have lots of information …………………………………………………………. c. London has more than fifty theatres. ………………………………………….. d. The garden has a swimming pool. ………………………………………. e. The system has both private and state schools. ………………………………………………….. f. My house has four rooms. …………………………….. g. There will be more than 8 billion people in the world in 2020 ………………………………………………………… ……….. h. There have been more robberies in this town recently. ………………………………………………………… …. i. There will be a lot of interesting TV programmes for people. ………………………………………………………… ……

a. The national theatre has very comfortable seats. …………………………………………………… b. Our university has many large classrooms. ………………………………………………. c. These are very valuable paintings. …………………………………….. d. The book contains many beautiful illustrations. …………………………………………………… e. They are in unfavorable situations. …………………………………………. f. The university has got numerous outstanding professors. ……………………………………………………………. g. The tower of the church is high. ……………………………………. h. We have got a magnificent view from our window.

……………………………………………………….. i. The test they did was not easy. ………………………………… j. The house my parents bought is comfortable. …………………………………………………..

a. He handled the chinawares with care. …………………………………………. b. He delivers his lecture with eloquence. …………………………………………… c. The students listened to their teacher with great attention. ………………………………………………………………

d. They waited for the football match with excitement. ………………………………………………………….. e. The fishermen looked out to the sea with anxiety.

………………………………………………………… f. The candidates took their exam with impatience. ……………………………………………………… g. The sick people tried to endure the sufferings with impatience. ………………………………………………………………………. h. We received him with pleasure. ……………………………………… i. She kissed her teacher with thanks. ………………………………………. j. The boy rushed out of the room with horror. …………………………………………………

a. I accomplished this task in three months. ……………………………………………. b. Jane spends 3 hours a week sorting stamps. ……………………………………………….

c. Any pictures that are taken will have to travel for 3 minutes before they reach the earth. ………………………………………………………………………………………………. d. She wrote the letter in 30 minutes. ………………………………………. e. John finished his essay in two hours. …………………………………………. f. I washed all these clothes in an hour. ……………………………………….. g. The flight to Moscow lasted three and half an hour. ……………………………………………………….. h. We spend five hours getting to London. ……………………………………………. i. The passengers spent one hour and a half to fly to HN. ………………………………………………………….. j. The engineers completed the construction work in 100 days. …………………………………………………………………..

a. Why was she late? What………………………………………….. b. The critics were strongly impressed by her performance. Her performance made ……………………………………. c. I am always nervous when I travel by air. Travelling…………………………………… d. He felt happy with the news. ………………………………… e. She felt happy with the toys. The toys made…………………………………. f. She heard the song and she felt homesick. The song made…………………………….. g. They were late because of heavy traffice. ……………………………………………… h. Nam’s sister is always sad when she sees that film.

………………………………………………………. i. He was successful thanks to his hard work. His hard work made…………………………. j. We work all day and we have no time to spare. Our work makes……………………………….

a. They are fast typists. ……………………….. b. He is a fluent speaker. ………………………… c. Peter is a hard worker. ………………………….. d. Van is a good singer. ……………………….. e. They are fast runners. …………………………. f. Morgan is a slow driver. …………………………..

g. Tony and Bob are very good footballers. …………………………………………… h. We are lazy students. …………………………. i. Mary is an excellent dancer. ………………………………. j. They are frequent church goers. …………………………………….

a. She is a very graceful girl. What………………………………… b. How fast he run! He is……………………… c. The meal was excellent. What……………………………… d. This is a beautiful picture.

What………………………………….. e. She sang very beautifully. How………………………………… f. What a sweet little girl! She…………………………….. g. What a great idea! That is………………………….. h. What a beautiful home you have! You………………………………………… i. How nice that Jane could come with you! It is……………………………………………… j. How nice she is! What a……………………….

a. I like detective stories. I am……………………. b. She likes drinking coffee.

She is……………………… c. Children like sweets. Children are……………………….. d. The tourists like to lie on the beach sunbathing. The tourists ……………………………… e. We like to go camping in the mountains. We are…………………………………………….. f. Nobody is fond of liars. Nobody………………….

g. She is fond of watching the sunset. She……………………………..

a. Bi let Ba keep the kitten. Ba allowed………………. b. The teacher didn’t let the class leave before 4:30. The teacher…………………………………..

c. The police let the people enter the bank. The police…………………………….. d. Our parents let us do what we think we should. Our parents…………………………………… e. The boss disn’t let her have a day off. The boss……………………………. f. The national laws allow us to do private businesses. The national laws………………………………. g. Thay don’t allow outsiders to attend their meeting. They don’t………………………………… h. Thay don’t allow the students to smoke in class. They don’t …………………………… i. She will allow her son to engage in social activities. She will…………………………………… j. The weather didn’t allow people to celebrate the ceremony in the open air. The weather didn’t……………………………………………………

12. THE VERB ” SUGGEST” FOLLOWED BY PRESENT SUBJ a. Let’s + V

S + suggest +

Or S + suggest +

V_ing

I suggest……………………………………… g. “Why don’t you go on a walking holiday?” Jane said. Jane suggested…………………………………………. h. “Why don’t you buy a food processor?” said Mary. ………………………………………………………… i. The policeman told us to fit new locks on the door. ……………………………………………………… j. “Why don’t you buy this picture as a wedding present?” said Nga. ……………………………………………………………………… 13. TO BE SUPPOSED TO a. It’s one’s duty to do sth

supposed to do sth b. S + be + thought to + V

a. It is your duty to obey him. You are…………………………. b. Yogurt is thought to be good for you. Yogurt is……………………………………..

c. Swimming is believed to be good for our health. Swimming is……………………………………………. d. Exercise is thought to do us good. …………………………………………. e. Drinking alcohol is said to do us harm. …………………………………………………. f. It’s your duty to be on time. ………………………………….. g. Nobody wanted you to be hare. ………………………………………….. h. Everybody expected the flight to be on time. ……………………………………………………….. i. It’s your duty to help his parents with housework. ………………………………………………………………… j. People wanted the train to arrive at 6.00 The train was……………………………………

14. PREFER- WOULD RATHER a. S + would prefer S + past subj

S + would rather +

b. S + like….better than..

than…. c. S + prefer

S + would rather +

V.

a. He would prefer you to tell him a story. He’d rather…………………………………… b. We’d prefer you not to smoke. We’d rather…………………………. c. Daisy likes to eat fish better than meat. ………………………………………………… d. They like to go to the zoo better than to the cinema. ………………………………………………………………. e. Peter likes to be a tractor driver better than to be a farmer. ……………………………………………………………………. f. We prefer to stay at home tonight. …………………………………………. g. Tony would rather watch sports on TV than play. Tony prefers……………………………………………………

h. Mr Ba likes to live in a city better than in the countryside. Mr Ba would rather……………………………………………… i. I like to be a worker beter than to be a farmer. ……………………………………………. j. He likes to be a supporter better than to be a player. …………………………………………………………….. 15. THE VERB KEEP/FIND + O + ADJ S+V+O

to_infi

a. The heavy traffic annoys the residents. The residents find…………………………. b. We must clean and tidy our school. We must keep…………………………. c. Some visitors to Britain get depressed by the weather. Some visitors to Britain find……………………………………. d. Cark has no problems in marking friends. Cark finds it……………………………………

e. He found that it was difficult to tell them the truth. He found it……………………………………………….. f. English pronunciation confuses us. We find……………………………… g. We think that learning English grammer is easy. We find…………………………………………………. h. The office work doesn’t allow us to rest. The office work keeps………………………. i. We shouldn’t pollute our environment. We should keep………………………….. j. Her words embrrassed us. We found……………………….