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LESSONSENTENCE TRANSFORMATION ( Biến đổi câu)
1/ 1 khoảng TG + ago. S + started /began + Ving / to V1… + (prep.+) mốc TG
V3 for + khoảng TG( S + has / have + + been +Ving since + mốc TG
Ex: We started studying English half an hour ago. ( We’ve been studying English for half an hour.
2a/ 1 khoảng TG + ago. The last time + S + V2 + … was + (prep.+) mốc TG
for + khoảng TG( S + has / have not + V3 ….. + since + mốc TG
Ex: The last time she had a swim was five years ago. ( She has not had a swim for five years.
( S + has / have not + V3 ….. + since + S + V2
Ex: I last went to the football match when I was a student. ( I haven’t gone to the football match since I was a student.
3/ S + has / have not + V3 ….. + for + 01 khoảng TG
( It + is + 1 khoảng TG + since + S + V2
Ex: She hasn’t had a swim for five years. ( It is five years since she had a swim.
4/ S + has /have + never/not + V 3 … (+before)
( This / it is the first time + (that) + S + has /have + ever + V 3 …
Ex: I’ve never visited Paris before.( This is the first time (that) I’ve (ever) visited Paris.
( After + S + had + V3 … , S + V2 …
Ex: I had breakfast and then went to school. ( After I had had breakfast, I went to school.
6/ The formal subject “IT”: Ving / To V1 … + be + adj. /n (+for O)
( IT + be + adj. / n (+for O) + To V1…
Ex: Knowing English is useful. ( It is useful to know English.
7/ The formal object “IT”: Ving / To V1 … + be + adj. /n
( S + V* + IT + adj. / n + to V1…
V* : find, make, think. consider, believe, feel,…Ex: Living in the city is exciting. ( Some people find it exciting to live in the city.
8/ be accustomed to = be used to + V ingbecome accustomed to = get used to
Ex: We often go to school by bus. (We are used to going to school by bus.
Ex: My grandfather often played tennis when he was young. ( My grandfather used to play tennis when he was young.
10/ S + spend(s) / spent + time + V ing
( It + takes / took (+ O) + time + To V1
Ex: We spent five hours getting to London. (It took us five hours to get to London.
Ex: We can’t drive because of fog. (The fog prevents us from driving.
12/ Inversion: Đảo ngữAdv* + V + S …
Adv*: No longer, Never, Rarely, Seldom, Only, No sooner, Hardly ….
Ex: She no longer gets up early. ( No longer does she get up early.13/ Who + do /does + S + belong to?( Who own(s) …….?( Whose + V + S … ?( Whose + n + V + S …. ?
Ex: Who does this bicycle belong to? ( Who owns this bicycle?( Whose is this bicycle?( Whose bicycle is this?14/ Causative Form:
O (Người) +V1 ( Chủ động)S +
Chuyên Đề 21. Viết Lại Câu. Một Số Cấu Trúc Viết Lại Câu / 2023
Các Trường Hợp Viết Lại Câu
Dùng 1 cấu trúc nào đó trong Tiếng Anh
Dùng dạng khác của từ
Chuyển từ chủ động sang bị động
Chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp
Các trường hợp về đảo ngữ…
Chú ý khi viết lại câu
Chú ý về thì: câu được viết lại phải cùng thì với câu đã
Chú ý về ngữ pháp: câu được viết lại phải đúng về ngữ pháp.
Chú ý về nghĩa của câu sau khi viết phải không đổi so với câu ban đầu.
Phương pháp học dạng bài này
Phương pháp: sưu tập và làm càng nhiều mẫu câu càng tốt, sau đó đọc đi đọc lại nhiều lần cho thuộc lòng.
Một số dạng bài cơ bản 1.It takes sb khoảng thời gian to do sth = sb spend khoảng thời gian doing sth
VD: It took her 3 hours to get to the city centre.
= She spent 3 hours getting to the city centre.
2.Understand = tobe aware of
VD: Do you understand the grammar structure?
= Are you aware of the grammar structure?
3.Like = tobe interested in = enjoy = keen on
VD: She likes politics
= She is interested in politics
VD: He can’t move because his leg was broken.
= He can’t move because of his broken leg.
Although + clause = despite + N = in spite of + N
VD: Although she is old, she can compute very fast
= Despite / In spite of her old age, she can compute very fast
Succeed in doing sth = manage to do sth
VD: We succeeded in digging the Panama cannel
= We managed to dig the Panama cannel
Cấu trúc: …. too + adj (for sb) to do sth: quá để làm gì VD: She is so beautiful that everybody loves
= It is such a beautiful girl that everybody loves her.
Adj/ Adv + enough (for sb) to do sth: đủ để làm gì VD: This car is safe enough for him to drive.
The policeman ran quickly enough to catch the robber.
Cấu trúc: prefer sb to do sth = would rather sb Vpast sth: thích, muốn ai làm gì VD: I’prefer you (not) to smoke here
= I’d rather you (not) smoked here
Prefer doing sth to doing sth: thích làm gì hơn làm gì
Would rather do sth than do sth
VD: She prefers staying at home to going out
= She’d rather stay at home than go out
Can = tobe able to = tobe possible
Harly + had +S + Vpp when S + Vpast: ngay sau khi… thì…
No sooner + had +S + Vpp than S + Vpast
VD: As soon as I left the house, he appeared
= Harly had I left the house when he appeared
= No sooner had I left the house than he appeared
Not………..any more : không còn nữa No longer + dạng đảo ngữ S no more V
VD: I don’t live in the countryside anymore
= No longer do I live in the countryside
= I no more live in the countryside
At no time + dạng đảo ngữ: không khi nào, chẳng khi nào VD: I don’t think she loves me
= At no time do I think she loves me
Tobe not worth = there is no point in doing sth: không đáng làm gì
Tobe not worth doing sth = there is no point in doing sth: không đáng, vô ích làm gì VD: It’s not worth making him get up early
There is no point in making him getting early
It seems that = it appears that = it is likely that =it look as if/ as though: dường như rằng VD: It seems that he will come late
= It appears that / it is likely he will come late
= He is likely to come late.
= It look as if he will come late
Although + clause = Despite + Nound/gerund
S + V + N = S + be + adj
S + be + adj = S + V + O
S + be accustomed to + Ving = S + be used to +Ving /N
S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N
VD: Nana often cried when she meets with difficulties.
= Nana is used to crying when she meets with difficulties
This is the first time + S + have + PII = S+be + not used to + Ving/N
VD: This is the first time I have seen so many people crying at the end of the movie.
= I was not used to seeing so many people crying at the end of the movie.
S + would prefer = S + would rather S + Past subjunctive (lối cầu khẩn)
S + like sth/doing sth better than sth/doing sth = S + would rather + V + than + V = S + prefer sth/doing sth to sth/doing ..
VD: I prefer going shoping to playing volleyball.
= I would rather go shoping than play volleyball.
S + V + O = S + find + it (unreal objective) + adj + to + V
It’s one’s duty to do sth = S + be + supposed to do sth
S + be + PII + to + V = S + be + supposed to do sth
Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh) = S + should (not) + be + PII
Imperative verb (mệnh lệnh) = S + should (not) + do sth
S + like sth = S + be + fond of + sth
VD: I like do collecting stamps.
= I’m fond of collecting stamps.
I + let + O + do sth = S + allow + S.O + to do Sth
VD: My boss let him be on leave for wedding.
= My boss allow him to be on leave for wedding.
S + once + past verb = S + would to + do
S + present verb (negative) any more = S + would to + do
S + V + because + S + V = S + V + to + infinitive
VD: She studies hard because she wants to pass the final examination.
= She studies hard to pass the final examination.
S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V = S + V + to + infinitive
To infinitive or gerund + be + adj = It + be + adj + to + V
S + V + and + S + V = S + V + both … and
S + V + not only … + but also = S + V + both … and
S + V + both … and … = S + V + not only … but ..
VD: He translated fast and correctly.
= He translated not only fast but also correctly.
S1+simple present+and+S2+simple futher =If+S1 + simple present + S2 + simple
S1+didn’t + V1 + Because + S2 + didn’t + V2 = If Clause
Various facts given = Mệnh đề if thể hiện điều trái ngược thực tế.
S1 + V1 + if + S2 + V2(phủ định)= S1 + V1 + Unless + S2 + V2 (khẳng định)
S + V + O = S + be + noun + when + adj
S + V + O = S + be + noun + where + adj
S + V + O = S + be + noun + whom + adj
S + V + O = S + be + noun + which + adj
S + V + O = S + be + noun + that + adj
S + V + if + S + V (phu dinh) = S + V + unless + S + V (khẳng dinh)
S + be + scared of sth = S + be + afraid of + sth
Let’s + V = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive
In my opinion = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive (quan điểm của tôi)
Why don’t you do sth? = S + suggest + that + S + present subjunctive
S + get + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth
VD: She gets him to spend more time with her.
= She have him spend more time with her.
S + aks + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth
VD: Police asked him to identify the other man in the next room.
= Police have him identify the other man in the next room.
S + request + sb + to do sth= S + have + sb + do sth
VD: The teacher request students to learn by heart this poem.
= The teacher have students learn by heart this poem.
S + want + sb + to do sth = S + have + sb + do sth
VD: I want her to lend me
= I have her lend me.
VD: She always speaks no care.
= She is always careless about her words.
S + be + adj + that + S + V = S + be + adj + to + V
VD: Study is necessary that you will get a good life in the future.
= Study is necessary to get a good life in the future.
VD: My students are very good at Mathematics.
= My students study Mathematics well.
S + remember + to do Sth = S + don’t forget + to do Sth
VD: I remember to have a Maths test tomorrow = I don’t forget to have a Maths test tomorrow.
VD: It was an interesting film.
= What an interesting film!
VD: She washes clothes quickly.
= How quick she is to wash clothes.
VD: She have learned English for 5 years.
= It takes her 5 year to learn English.
S + be + too + adj + (for s.o) + to + V = S + be + so + adj + that + S + can’t + V
VD: The water is too hot for Peter to drink.
= The water is so hot that Peter can’t drink
S + be + so + adj + that + S + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V
S + be + too + adj + to + V = S + be + not + adj + enough + to + V
VD: He speaks so soft that we can’t hear anything.
= He does not speak softly.
80.Because + clause = Because of + noun/gerund
VD: Because she is absent from school.
= Because of her absence from school.
Cấu Trúc But For, Viết Lại Câu Với But For Trong Tiếng Anh / 2023
But for: nếu không có thì,…
– But for dùng để diễn tả một sự ngoại trừ một vấn đề nào đó.
– But for dùng để nói về một điều gì sẽ xảy ra nếu điều đó không bị một người hoặc vật nào ngăn chặn.
– But for dùng để rút ngắn mệnh đề trong câu.
– But for được dùng trong văn phong mang nghĩa lịch sự.
Form: But for + Noun Phrases/Ving, S + V…
Ex: But for his help, I would have been difficult in this project.
(Nếu không có sự giúp đỡ của anh ấy, tôi sẽ gặp khó khăn trong dự án này).
Viết lại câu với cấu trúc But for
1. Viết lại câu của But for với câu điều kiện loại 2. But for + Noun Phrases/Ving, S + could/would + Vinf…
➔ If I were (not) + for + Noun Phrase, S + could/would + Vinf…
If I + Ved/c2 + …, S + could/would + Vinf…
Ex: But for the difficult view, that would be a lovely room.
(Nếu không vì tầm nhìn khó khăn, kia sẽ là một căn phòng đáng yêu).
➔ If weren’t for the difficult view, that would be a lovely room.
(Nếu không vì tâm nhìn khó khăn, kia sẽ là một căn phòng đáng yêu).
2. Viết lại câu của But for với câu điều kiện loại 3. But for + Noun Phrases/Ving, S + could/would + have + Ved/PII… ➔ If it hadn’t been + for + N, S + could/would + have + Ved/PII…
Ex: But for the rain, they would have had a good picnic.
(Nếu không vì trời mưa, họ đã có một chuyến dã ngoại tuyệt vời).
➔ If it hadn’t rained, they would have had a good picnic.
(Nếu trời không mưa, họ đã có một chuyến dã ngoại tuyệt vời).
*Note: Trong câu, có thể thay thế But for = Without.
Cách dùng cấu trúc But for vừa được đề cập bên trên, bạn cần làm thêm các bài tập để thành thục hơn khi áp dụng vào thực tế. Sau câu hỏi là phần đáp án chi tiết ngay bên dưới cùng.
1.If Minh Anh hadn’t encouraged me, I would have give up it.
2. But for Lim, Jim couldn’t go out yesterday.
3. If it hadn’t been for our parents, Kim wouldn’t have never been successful.
4. If it hadn’t been for Van Lam, Vietnam would have lost.
5. But for my best friends, Hung would die.
Đáp án:
1.But for that Minh Anh hadn’t encouraged me, I would have give up it.
2. If it weren’t for Lim, Jim couldn’t go out yesterday.
3. But for our parents, Kim wouldn’t have never been successful.
4. But for Van Lam, Vietnam would have lost.
5. If it weren’t for my best friend, Hung would die.
–
Đừng quên chia sẻ kiến thức ngữ pháp này đến người khác nếu bạn thấy thông tin bên trên bổ ích. Chúc mọi người học tốt.
Các Cấu Trúc Viết Lại Câu Thông Dụng Nhất / 2023
VD: It took her 3 hours to get to the city centre.
= She spent 3 hours getting to the city centre.
VD: Do you understand the grammar structure?
= Are you aware of the grammar structure?
= She is interested in politics
VD: He can’t move because his leg was broken
= He can’t move because of his broken leg
VD: Although she is old, she can compute very fast
= Despite/ In spite of her old age, she can compute very fast
VD: We succeeded in digging the Panama cannel
= We managed to dig the Panama cannel
VD: My father is too old to drive.
= It is such a/ an N that: quá đến nỗi mà
VD: She is so beautiful that everybody loves her.
= It is such a beautiful girl that everybody loves her.
VD: This car is safe enough for him to drive
VD: The policeman ran quickly enough to catch the robber
VD: I’prefer you (not) to smoke here
= I’d rather you (not) smoked here
VD: She prefers staying at home to going out
= She’d rather stay at home than go out
VD: As soon as I left the house, he appeared
= Harly had I left the house when he appeared
= No sooner had I left the house than he appeared
VD: I don’t live in the courtryside anymore
= No longer do I live in the coutryside
= I no more live in the coutryside
VD: I don’t think she loves me
= At no time do I think she loves me
15. Tobe not worth doing sth = there is no point in doing sth: không đáng, vô ích làm gì
VD: It’s not worth making him get up early
= There is no point in making him getting early
= It appears that/ it is likely he will come late
= He is likely to come late.
= It look as if he will come late
VD: Nana often cried when she meets with difficulties.
= Nana is used to crying when she meets with difficulties
VD: This is the first time I have seen so many people crying at the end of the movie.
= I was not used to seeing so many people crying at the end of the movie.
VD: I prefer going shoping to playing volleyball.
= I would rather go shoping than play volleyball.
VD: I like do collecting stamps.
= I’m fond of collecting stamps.
VD: My boss let him be on leave for wedding.
= My boss allow him to be on leave for wedding.
VD: She studies hard because she wants to pass the final examination.
= She studies hard to pass the final examination.
VD: She gets him to spend more time with her.
= She have him spend more time with her.
VD: Police asked him to identify the other man in the next room.
= Police have him identify the other man in the next room.
VD: The teacher request students to learn by heart this poem.
= The teacher have students learn by heart this poem.
VD: I want her to lend me
VD: She always speaks no care.
= She is always careless about her words.
VD: Study is necessary that you will get a good life in the future.
= Study is necessary to get a good life in the future.
VD: My students are very good at Mathematics.
= My students study Mathematics well.
VD: I remember to have a Maths test tomorrow = I don’t forget to have a Maths test tomorrow.
VD: It was an interesting film.
= What an interesting film!
VD: She washes clothes quickly.
= How quick she is to wash clothes.
VD: She have learned English for 5 years.
= It takes her 5 year to learn English.
VD: The water is too hot for Peter to drink.
= The water is so hot that Peter can’t drink
VD: He speaks so soft that we can’t hear anything.
= He does not speak softly.
VD: Because she is absent from school.
= Because of her absence from school.
Bài viết gợi ý:
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